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Vitamin B3 / Niacin

"Niacin" is the common name for two types of Vitamin B3, niconic acid and
nicotinamide. Studies have suggested that niconic acid can have positive
effects on blood cholesterol levels. Subjects that were given very high doses
of niconic acid supplements reported a lowering of their level of LDL ("bad")
cholesterol, and a raising of HDL cholesterol.

Niacin is found in animal products such as meats, fish and poultry. Although
severe niacin deficiencies are rare, they can cause physical and mental
problems. Symptoms such as diarrhea, skin rashes, dementia and clinical
depression can occur.

Niconic acid has also been shown to have side effects if taken in high doses
(greater than 100 milligrams). Symptoms can include skin rashes and tingling,
diarrhea, nausea, headaches and cramps. These levels of niconic acid should
never be taken without a physician's supervision. Any niacin supplements
should be discontinued immediately if such symptoms occur.

The National Research Council recommends doses of 13 to 19 milligrams for
adults, and 5 to 6 milligrams for children.

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